Daily Brief

a brain cell that sends and receives signals

"Each neuron sends messages to other cells."

a group of connected things that work together

"Brain cells form a network to send signals."

something that is happening or being done

"The activity of the cells can be high or low."

fully grown or developed

"The cells become mature after many days."

a place or system where people buy and sell things or shares

"People watch the stock market every day."

a thick liquid that people burn for energy and use in factories

"Oil prices can change the price of many things."

a person who buys shares or assets to try to make money

"The investor bought shares in a big company."

money that people or groups use to invest or pay for things

"Foreign funds left the market last week."

the day a person is born that people celebrate each year

"Today is my brother's birthday."

a picture made with a camera or phone

"She shows a photo from the party."

a special event when two people get married

"They had a small wedding last week."

to give part of something or show something with others

"They share the photos online."

substances in food that the body needs to grow and stay healthy

"Fruits and vegetables give the body many nutrients."

a nutrient that helps build and repair muscles, hair, and nails

"I eat eggs for protein after exercise."

sudden, strong pain in a muscle

"He had stomach cramps after the long walk."

the body's ability to fight germs and keep you healthy

"Good sleep helps your immunity."

the act of saving and protecting nature and animals

"Local people work for the conservation of the forest."

a smell from a plant, flower, or thing

"The flower has a sweet scent."

in danger of dying out or disappearing

"The tiger is an endangered animal."

the place where a plant or animal lives

"A river is the fish's natural habitat."

a statement about what will happen in the future

"Her prediction about the weather was wrong."

the act of throwing the ball in cricket

"Good bowling can stop the other team from scoring."

an idea or steps for what to do

"We have a plan to meet after work."

the last game or event in a competition

"The final will decide the tournament winner."

a group of connected parts or cells that work together

"Researchers recorded activity in iPSC-derived neurons for 55 days, which shows changing network behavior."

parts of a process that happen in order over time

"Using a multi-electrode array across 20 days, the team found three stages with rising, stable, and falling firing."

relating to the points where nerve cells connect and communicate

"In addition, networks had distinct spatial and spectral patterns, and staining on day 21 and 28 showed synaptic changes."

a laboratory method that uses dyes to show cells or parts of cells

"In addition, networks had distinct spatial and spectral patterns, and staining on day 21 and 28 showed synaptic changes."

main stock indices that are used to measure market performance

"Indian stock benchmarks fell sharply on Monday, which matters because many investors and the economy are affected."

rose very quickly or suddenly

"The Sensex crashed about 2.97% and the Nifty dropped nearly 2.9%, because Brent crude surged above $115."

the quality of changing often, especially in prices or markets

"As a result, analysts warn of continued volatility if the West Asian conflict persists and oil prices remain high."

continues to exist or happen, especially when it is unwanted

"As a result, analysts warn of continued volatility if the West Asian conflict persists and oil prices remain high."

to mark a special day or event with actions or words

"Selena Gomez celebrated her husband Benny Blanco's 38th birthday publicly, which shows their close relationship."

showing strong and sincere feelings

"On March 9 she posted heartfelt photos on Instagram, because she wanted to share private moments."

not seen before or not shown to people yet

"It included unseen wedding photos and the message, 'Happy birthday my love'."

showed a response to something that happened

"As a result fans reacted warmly, and many praised the couple which increased online attention."

limiting what is allowed or how much you can have

"Rapid or restrictive weight loss can cause many health problems, which matters for long-term well-being."

the food and substances that your body needs to stay healthy

"If weight loss is done without balanced nutrition, recovery is harder, so learn to nourish yourself intelligently."

easily broken or damaged; not strong

"Doctors say such diets reduce fats, protein, vitamins, and minerals, so hair thins and nails become brittle."

the body's ability to fight disease and infection

"In addition, people may get hollow eyes, dark circles, low immunity, muscle cramps, and fatigue."

at risk of disappearing or no longer existing

"Conservationists, perfumers and biotech engineers are recreating scents from endangered plants to help protect them and raise awareness."

smells, especially pleasant ones used in perfumes

"Conservationists, perfumers and biotech engineers are recreating scents from endangered plants to help protect them and raise awareness."

pleasant-smelling substances that are used to make perfumes

"They have made fragrances inspired by magnolia, Caribbean juniper and a cycad, and companies donated money for conservation."

the protection and careful use of natural resources or species

"They have made fragrances inspired by magnolia, Caribbean juniper and a cycad, and companies donated money for conservation."

said what you think will happen in the future

"He had predicted New Zealand would win, so he was asked about being wrong and replied sharply."

a plan of actions to achieve a goal

"On a TV show he said New Zealand's bowling strategy was strange and their bowlers looked nervous."

said that something or someone was wrong or bad

"As a result, fans and former players criticized him, which means public predictions can hurt a person's reputation."

what people generally think about someone or something

"As a result, fans and former players criticized him, which means public predictions can hurt a person's reputation."

Relating to the operation or activity of a system; in neuroscience, describing patterns of activity or connectivity between neurons.

"functional networks"

The simultaneous occurrence of events; in this context, coordinated firing of neurons at the same time.

"rising synchrony"

Relating to a synapse, the junction between two nerve cells through which signals are transmitted.

"synaptic changes"

The process of applying scientific findings from basic research to practical uses, such as disease models or therapies.

"translation to disease models"

A standard or point of reference used to measure or compare the performance of something, especially financial indices.

"India's benchmarks Sensex and Nifty plunged three percent on Monday..."

Amounts of money being withdrawn or moved out of a market, country, or investment, reducing available capital.

"Brent crude surged and foreign outflows intensified..."

The degree and frequency of price or value changes in a market, indicating instability or risk.

"analysts warned oil volatility would hit importers..."

Sales or disposals of assets, often in large amounts and usually causing market pressure.

"reported as offloads around Rs 6,030 crore..."

showing sincere emotion or strong feeling; deeply felt.

"Selena Gomez celebrated husband Benny Blanco's 38th birthday by posting heartfelt photos, including unseen wedding images, which drew wide public interest."

emphasising or drawing attention to something important.

"Photos were uploaded to Instagram, underlining their openness and, furthermore, had the wedding images not been shared, speculation would have continued."

the forming of theories or guesses without firm evidence; public guessing about possible explanations.

"Photos were uploaded to Instagram, underlining their openness and, furthermore, had the wedding images not been shared, speculation would have continued."

a feeling of liking or love for someone, often shown through behaviour.

"Selena wrote that she loved him with all her heart, and consequently their public affection will notably continue to attract attention."

limiting the amount or type of something, especially food or freedom of choice

"She explained that restrictive diets reduce essential nutrients like protein, iron and fats."

a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life

"She explained that restrictive diets reduce essential nutrients like protein, iron and fats."

an oily substance produced by skin glands that helps to keep the skin and hair moisturised

"She explained that restrictive diets reduce essential nutrients like protein, iron and fats, consequently lowering sebum and keratin production."

the body's ability to resist or fight off infection and disease

"Aesthetic physician Dr Shreya Sankhe warned that rapid, restrictive weight loss causes systemic harm, notably hair loss and weakened immunity."

the variety and variability of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or on Earth, important for ecological stability

"it highlights biodiversity loss, inspiring conservation"

the protection and careful management of the environment and natural resources to prevent loss or damage

"inspiring conservation"

to build or produce something again that has been lost or damaged, using research or evidence

"used habitat research to reconstruct a lost Brazilian Lily scent"

carefully prepared combinations of ingredients or ideas, often used to describe recipes, medicines, or technical recipes

"If the original formulations had been saved, fewer reconstructions would have been needed"

A statement about what someone thinks will happen in the future.

"Mohammad Amir's public prediction was proven wrong"

The quality of being likely to make mistakes; the tendency to be wrong.

"notably underlining expert fallibility"

A careful analysis and judgment of something, especially its faults and merits.

"underlining his tactical critique"

The state of being responsible for actions and required to explain them.

"greater accountability from pundits"

The process by which neurons or other oscillatory elements fire or operate at the same time or with a consistent phase relationship; coordinated temporal activity across a network.

"Not until day 24 did stable, broad synchronisation emerge in the mid period (days 24–28)."

A spectral profile in which power decreases approximately inversely with frequency (power ∝ 1/f), often indicating scale-free temporal fluctuations rather than narrowband oscillations.

"Early networks showed poor inter‑neuronal communication with a 1/f‑like power distribution."

The arrangement or pattern of connections within a network; in neuroscience, the spatial configuration of synaptic or functional links among neurons.

"These stages mapped onto three distinct spatial topologies and spectral profiles."

Relating to the transmitting side of a synapse — the neuron or terminal that releases neurotransmitter to communicate with another cell.

"This physiological arc was reflected by significant changes in presynaptic and postsynaptic mean volumes revealed by day‑21 versus day‑28 staining."

To fall or drop suddenly and steeply in amount, value, or level.

"Indian equity markets plunged on Monday — the Sensex fell roughly 2,346 points and the Nifty nearly 3% — a sharp decline that matters because it exposes how vulnerable an import-dependent economy is to an oil-driven shock and to volatile capital flows."

A major international benchmark for oil prices, referring to crude oil extracted from the North Sea.

"It was a sharp spike in Brent crude, which surged about 24% to $114.59 a barrel, together with relentless foreign institutional outflows, that precipitated the rout, and Asian peers mirrored the distress as global risk sentiment soured."

Amounts of capital, assets, or funds leaving a market, institution, or country; often used in finance to indicate selling or withdrawal by investors.

"It was a sharp spike in Brent crude, which surged about 24% to $114.59 a barrel, together with relentless foreign institutional outflows, that precipitated the rout, and Asian peers mirrored the distress as global risk sentiment soured."

The degree of variation or unpredictability in the price of a financial instrument or in market conditions; market instability.

"Analysts warn that, notwithstanding short-term rebound hopes, volatility could persist if the West Asian conflict lingers and fuel costs remain elevated, thereby forcing investors and policymakers to reassess risk, liquidity and inflation outlooks."

Showing genuine emotion; sincere and deeply felt.

"Selena Gomez marked her husband Benny Blanco's 38th birthday on March 9 by posting a heartfelt Instagram tribute that included previously unseen wedding photographs."

Not made available or visible to the public before; newly revealed.

"Selena Gomez marked her husband Benny Blanco's 38th birthday on March 9 by posting a heartfelt Instagram tribute that included previously unseen wedding photographs."

Frank, open, and honest in expression; unposed and natural.

"She wrote, 'Happy birthday my love... I love you with all my heart,' thereby offering a candid line that, arguably, blurs the boundary between private life and performative celebrity intimacy."

Carefully selected, organised, and presented, often to create a particular image or narrative.

"It is the couple's openness that could be curated as much as celebrated, and consequently further glimpses are likely, setting a tone for how celebrity intimacy is presented."

A resting stage in the hair growth cycle during which hair is shed; often used in clinical contexts as part of 'telogen effluvium' to describe increased hair shedding.

"She explains that crash diets and extreme calorie restriction deprive the body of essential fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals, thereby undermining sebum and collagen synthesis, impairing hair and skin integrity, and precipitating telogen hair shedding."

An oily secretion produced by the skin's sebaceous glands that helps lubricate and protect skin and hair.

"She explains that crash diets and extreme calorie restriction deprive the body of essential fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals, thereby undermining sebum and collagen synthesis, impairing hair and skin integrity, and precipitating telogen hair shedding."

Loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which can be caused by ageing, inactivity or inadequate protein and calorie intake.

"Iron, biotin and B vitamins are required for metabolically active hair follicles, while amino acids and zinc support keratin and nail strength; conversely, deficits in calcium, magnesium, potassium and ATP can provoke muscle cramps and sarcopenia."

The state of having an adequate intake and bodily supply of essential nutrients (proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals) to maintain health and physiological function.

"Only by restoring nutrient sufficiency and monitoring thyroid, iron and immune markers will durable wellbeing be achieved, so it is therefore imperative — and arguably prudent — to prioritise balanced nutrition and medical supervision rather than rapid weight loss."

Relating to the sense of smell or the process of smelling.

"It is through olfactory reconstruction that conservationists, perfumers and biotech engineers are racing to recreate the aromas of endangered and extinct plants, an effort that matters because it arguably both safeguards biodiversity and preserves intangible cultural heritage threatened by a beleaguered environment."

Suffering persistent difficulties or under serious pressure; harassed.

"It is through olfactory reconstruction that conservationists, perfumers and biotech engineers are racing to recreate the aromas of endangered and extinct plants, an effort that matters because it arguably both safeguards biodiversity and preserves intangible cultural heritage threatened by a beleaguered environment."

A technique used to sample volatile compounds emitted by a living plant (or other source) by enclosing the material and collecting the air above it without damaging the specimen.

"While some perfumers employ head-space capture to harvest scents without harming plants, others, such as heritage firm Blocki, are combining historical sleuthing and biotech to resurrect a lost Brazilian Lily accord despite the absence of the original formulation and the flower's endangered status."

To produce something (especially a chemical compound or complex idea) by combining simpler constituents or by artificial means; to create a likeness or reproduction.

"Rarely has fragrance served such a conservationist purpose: since 2018 the Red List Project has enlisted industry partners—most notably French house MANE, which in 2021 developed synthesized accords evoking an Ecuadorian magnolia, a Caribbean juniper and a Guamanian cycad, and thereby converted creative inspiration into donations for habitat protection."

The activity or profession of offering critical commentary and informed opinions, typically in the media, on public events (especially sports, politics, or culture).

"It was Mohammad Amir's prediction that misfired when India beat New Zealand to lift the T20 World Cup, and this reversal matters because punditry shapes public debate and a visible blunder can erode professional credibility."

Having or showing knowledge of events before they take place; prophetic or perceptive in anticipating future outcomes.

"Earlier in the tournament he had been prescient about India losing to South Africa in the Super 8, yet thereafter he repeatedly insisted India would neither reach nor win the final..."

Incorrect or mistaken; based on error.

"He snapped when questioned about his erroneous call."

To reprimand or criticize severely and publicly.

"On the post-match programme he even castigated New Zealand's bowling strategy — arguing that Mitchell Santner should have persisted with off-spin against Abhishek Sharma..."